Pedestrian Evacuation Modeling and Simulation on Metro Platforms Considering Panic Impacts

AbstractA pedestrian evacuation model is presented, in which the social force model and a mathematical model are incorporated. The social force model is capable of describing the pedestrian behavior realistically under the non-panic evacuation situations. However, a series of catastrophes make us reasonably think about crowd dynamics under stress and panic. In order to forecast the catastrophe point of pedestrian mood changes in a real emergency situation, a mathematical model is proposed by considering residence time, crowd density and exit distance. This paper follows the implementation of the system simulation modeling environment written in Java program language on AnyLogic simulation software to facilitate studying the panic spread mechanisms of passengers. Furthermore, different simulation scenarios on passenger evacuation from the platform of the Xizhimen Metro station in Beijing are carried out to validate the feasibility of the proposed method and to further evaluate the influence of evacuees’ number and pedestrian distribution on evacuation efficiency when passenger panic is spreading

Evaluation on Transfer Efficiency at Integrated Transport Terminals through Multilevel Grey Evaluation

AbstractTransfer efficiency in integrated transportation terminal is greatly important for both passengers and operational companies. In this paper, we proposed various criteria and a hierarchy index system to evaluate the performance of the transfer condition inside Beijing South Railway Station. To make the assessment more scientific, we assign weightings to each of them by integrated weighting method. Then we use an evaluation method, Multi-level Grey Evaluation, to calculate the performance indexes of different transfer modes in the station and further we compare the ranking results of transfer efficiency of different transfer modes

Feedback Stackelberg-Nash equilibria in mixed leadership games with an application to cooperative advertising

In this paper we characterize the feedback equilibrium of a general infinite-horizon Stackelberg-Nash differential game where the roles of the players are mixed. By mixed we mean that one player is a leader on some decisions and a follower on other decisions. We prove a verification theorem that reduces the task of finding equilibrium strategies in functional spaces to two simple steps: First solving two static Nash games at the Hamiltonian level in a nested version and then solving the associated system of Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations. As an application, we study a novel manufacturer-retailer cooperative advertising game where, in addition to the traditional setup into which the manufacturer subsidizes the retailer's advertising effort, we also allow the reverse support from the retailer to the manufacturer. We find an equilibrium that can be expressed by a solution of a set of quartic algebraic equations. We then conduct an extensive numerical study to assess the impact of model parameters on the equilibrium

A multi-agent-based approach for the impacts analysis of passenger flow on platforms in metro stations considering train operations

Impacts analysis of train operation on passenger flow in metro stations is an important and fundamental requirement to improve the operational efficiency and ensure passengers a high level of service. This study aims at large metro stations where thousands of passengers are moving, boarding or alighting and the complicated interactions among passengers and between passengers and other entities like stairways or trains take place all the time. A multi-agent-based approach is developed from the investigation of movement characteristics of passengers to meet the above requirement and deal with such interactions. The simulation scenarios considering the various conditions of train operations are performed in the case studies of a metro station in Beijing (China) to prove the feasibility of the proposed approach, which is useful to formulate and evaluate the operation schemes of trains

Backward stochastic partial differential equations with quadratic growth

This paper is concerned with the weak solution (in analytic sense) to the Cauchy-Dirichletproblemofabackwardstochasticpartialdifferentialequationwhenthe nonhomogeneous term has a quadratic growth in both the gradient of the first unknown and the second unknown. Existencea nd uniqueness results are obtained unde rseparate conditions

Optimizing location of variable message signs using GPS probe vehicle data.

A multi-objective optimization model is proposed to allocate the location of VMSs by maximizing the average traffic guidance utility of VMSs and the number of benefited links, while minimizing information redundancy. The traffic guidance utility is defined to quantitatively measure the value of an installed VMS, which is calculated from passively collected GPS data and the physical topology of road network. The number of benefited links is to measure how many links are covered by upstream VMS to disseminate information. Information redundancy is introduced to quantify the mutual impairing between any two VMSs. A heuristic search algorithm is developed to solve the optimization model, which can calculate the saturated number of VMS for a road network and optimize the project schedule of VMS installation process based on the proposed objectives. A real-world case study is conducted in Beijing to illustrate the validity of the proposed approach, where taxis are used as probe vehicles to provide GPS data. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed multi-objective optimization model and it is promising to use the emerging GPS data to help agencies to allocate the locations of VMSs on both urban roads and highway networks, instead of relying on the subjective judgment from practitioners

Maintenance schedule optimisation for a railway power supply system

High reliability is the crucial requirement in railway operation and a power supply system is one of the key components of electrified railways. The cost-effectiveness of the maintenance works is also the concern of the railway operators while the time window on trackside maintenance is often limited. Maintenance scheduling is thus essential to uphold reliability and to reduce operation cost. It is however difficult to formulate the optimal schedule to meet both reliability and maintenance cost for a railway power supply system as a whole because of its functional complexity and demanding operation conditions. Maintenance scheduling models to achieve reliability and maintenance cost are proposed in this study. Optimisation algorithms are then developed to attain the solutions of the model. The applicability of the models and efficiency of the solution algorithms are demonstrated in an example. The proposed methods are vitally important for the railway engineers and operators to assure the service quality in the increasing demands of the modern electrified railways